Fonroxil
Generation Cephalosporin antibiotic treatment I specialized respiratory infection Digestive System ......
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FONROXIL
- Drug form : Capsule .
- Ingredients: Each hard capsule contains :
Cefadroxil ..................................................................... 500mg
Excipients qs ............................................... ........... 1 member
( Excipients include : talc powder , magnesium stearate , Avicel , aerosil , sodium crosscarmellose , Laury sodium sulfate , sodium starch glycolate ) .
- The pharmacodynamic characteristics : Cefadroxil is antibiotic cephalosporin 1 , bactericidal effect , prevents the development and distribution of bacteria by inhibiting cell wall synthesis of bacteria .
Cefadroxil is para derivatives - hydroxy of cefalexin and oral antibiotics with antibacterial spectrum similar to cefalexin .
Vitro , cefadroxil has bactericidal effects on a variety of Gram -positive and Gram-negative . The sensitive gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus strains are more and more non- penicillinase , the beta hemolytic Streptococcus , Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes . The sensitive Gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Proteus mirabilis , and Moraxella catarrhalis . Haemophilus influenzae is often reduced sensitivity .
Some strains are resistant to increased antibiotic cephalosporin 1 with the following ratio : ratio of resistant E. coli with cefalexin is about 50 % , the rate of resistance to cefalexin Proteus is about 25 % and 66 % with cephalotin , Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance rate of 66 % with cephalotin isolates .
Most strains of Enterococcus faecalis ( formerly Streptococcus faecalis ) and Enterococcus faecium were resistant to cefadroxil . Clinically , these are important implications for the selection of drugs for the treatment of post-surgical infections . Cefadroxil has no effect on the majority of strains of Enterobacter spp . , Morganella morganii ( formerly Proteus morganii ) and Proteus vulgaris . Cefadroxil no reliable activity in Pseudomonas species and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ( formerly Mima species and Herellea ) .
The methicilin resistant Staphylococcus or Streptococcus pneumoniae were resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics .
- The pharmacokinetic characteristics :
* Absorption : Cefadroxil is stable in acid and very well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract . With oral doses of 500 mg or 1 g , peak plasma concentrations corresponding to approximately 16 and 30 micrograms / ml , reached after 1 hour 30 minutes to 2 hours . Although peak concentrations similar to peak concentrations of cefalexin , cefadroxil concentration in plasma was maintained for longer. Food does not alter the absorption of drugs . Approximately 20 % cefadroxil plasma protein binding . Half-life of the drug in plasma is approximately 1 hour 30 minutes in the normal renal function , this period lasts from 14 to 20 hours in patients with renal impairment .
* Distribution: Cefadroxil is widely distributed in tissues and body fluids . Average volume of distribution is 18 liters / 1.73 m2 , or 0.31 liters / kg . Cefadroxil cross the placenta and excreted in breast milk .
* Elimination : The drug is not metabolized . More than 90 % of the dose excreted in the urine in unchanged form within 24 hours via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion . Therefore, the 500 mg dose , the peak concentration of cefadroxil in urine greater than 1 mg / ml . After a dose of 1 g , antibiotic concentrations in urine keep 20-22 hours above the minimum inhibitory concentration for urinary tract pathogens sensitive . Cefadroxil is excreted through kidney dialysis more artificial .
- Indications: Treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms :
* Upper respiratory tract infections : Infections of the ear , nose and throat such as otitis media , sinusitis , tonsillitis and pharyngitis .
* Infections of the lower respiratory tract : pneumonia , acute and chronic bronchitis .
* Urinary tract infections : Acute kidney - acute and chronic pyelonephritis , cystitis , urethritis , gynecological infections .
* Skin and soft tissue infections : Inflammation of the lymph nodes , abscesses, cellulitis , decubitus ulcers , inflammation of the breast , gynecological infections .
* Other infections : Osteomyelitis , septic arthritis .
- Usage and dosage: Take as directed by your physician. Average:
* Adults : Take 2 capsules every 2 times / day .
* Children under 1 year of age : Oral 25-50mg/kg body weight / day , divided into 2-3 times .
* Children 1-6 years: Drink every time x2 ½ times / day .
* Children over 6 years : oral dose of 1 tablet 2 times / day .
The treatment duration of 5-10 days to maintain .
( This drug is only used in the physician 's prescription )
- Contraindications: Cefadroxil is contraindicated for patients with a history of allergy to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics .
- Caution: As was seen cross- hypersensitivity reactions ( including anaphylactic reaction ) occurred among patients allergic to antibiotics beta - lactam , so caution must be relevant and have everything ready means to treat anaphylactic shock reaction to cefadroxil used previously for patients allergic to penicillin . However, with cefadroxil , cross- hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin have lower rates .
Cefadroxil used with caution for patients with reduced renal function significantly . Before and during treatment , need careful clinical monitoring and conducting appropriate tests in patients with suspected renal insufficiency or renal failure .
Use a long day can cefadroxil overgrowth of non- susceptible strains . Patients should be monitored carefully , if you have multiple infections , to stop using drugs .
There have been reports pseudomembranous colitis using broad-spectrum antibiotics , so you need to pay attention to this diagnosis in patients who have severe diarrhea associated with antibiotic use . Caution should be exercised when prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics for those with gastrointestinal disease , particularly colitis patients .
Not enough reliable data demonstrate cefadroxil used in combination with drugs such as the aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity may alter renal toxicity .
Experience cefadroxil used for premature infants and are limited. It should be used with caution to these patients .
- Use in pregnancy and lactation:
* Pregnancy : Although so far no reports of any adverse effects to the fetus , the use of cephalosporins safe in pregnancy has not been determined definitively . Take this medication during pregnancy only if clearly needed .
* The Lactation : excreted in breast milk Cefadroxil low levels , with no effect on suckling young , but should be concerned when you see your child diarrhea , rash titles .
- Driving and operating machinery : Drugs do not cause drowsiness and does not affect the operation of the drive or operate machinery .
Unwanted - effects of the drug : It is estimated that adverse effects in 6% of those treated .
* Common : + Gastrointestinal: Nausea , abdominal pain , vomiting , diarrhea .
* Less common : Blood + : Increased eosinophils . + Skin : The product variety , rash , urticaria , pruritus . + Hepatic transaminase increase recovery . + Urology - sex : testicular pain , vaginosis , candidiasis disease , genital itching .
* Rarely: + Body: anaphylactoid reactions , serum sickness , fever . + Blood : Reduce neutrophils , thrombocytopenia , hemolytic anemia , positive Coombs test . + Gastrointestinal: Colitis pseudomembranous , digestive disorders . + skin : Erythema polymorphism , Stevens - Johnson , ordinary pemphigus , toxic epidermal necrolysis ( Lyells syndrome ) , edema . + Hepatic: cholestatic jaundice , increased light AST , ALT , hepatitis . + kidney infections kidney temporarily increase blood urea and creatinine , interstitial nephritis recovery . + CNS : convulsions ( high dose and the decline in renal function ) , headache , excitement .
Parts other : joint pain .
Note: Inform your physician about any adverse effects encountered when using the drug .
- Interaction with other drugs , and other forms of interaction :
Cholestyramin cefadroxil associated with slow intestinal absorption of drugs .
Reduce effects : Probenecid may decrease excretion of cephalosporins .
Increased toxicity : Furosemide , aminoglycosides can synergistically increased renal toxicity .
- The risk - management : The symptoms of acute overdose : Most just cause nausea , vomiting and diarrhea . It can happen neuromuscular hypersensitivity and convulsions , particularly in patients with renal failure .
Management of overdose should consider the possibility of an overdose of multiple drugs , drug interactions , and unusual drug kinetics in the patient .
Artificial kidney dialysis can help eliminate medication effects from the blood , but not usually dinh.Bao only protect the patient's airway , ventilatory support and intravenous fluids . Mainly support or treat symptoms resolved after washing , bleaching gastroenteritis .
- Shelf-life: 36 months from date of manufacture . Do not use the expiry date .
* Note: When the follicle drug that was moldy , torn capsule , powder turns , label printing batch number , HD dim ... or other suspicious symptoms to bring drugs to the facility where drug or place of production to the address on the form .
- Packing : Box of 3 blisters x 10 capsules .
- Storage: dry , temperatures below 300C .
- Applicable Standard : USP 32 .
REGISTRATION NUMBER : VD- 17439-12
Keep out of reach of children.
" Read the manual before use "
If you need additional information , please consult a doctor "
Drugs manufactured in : pharmaceutical company in Ha Tay
La Khe - Ha Dong - Hanoi City
Tel : 04.33522203-33516101 . FAX : 04.33522203
Distributed by : JSC Medical and Pharmaceutical Phap Au
No. 202A Street Thuy Linh- Linh Nam Ward, Hoang Mai District, Ha Noi City
Tel: 0436342523 Fax : 0436342522
Business office :
No. 5 Lot 4 B, urban Den Lu II - Hoang Mai District, Hanoi City
Tel: 0436342523 Fax : 0436342522
Representative Office in Ho Chi Minh City :
No. 14/12 Cu Chinh Lan - Ward 13 - Tan Binh District - City. HCM
Tel : 08-62746954 Fax : 08-38130272